This page is all about BCA computer fundamental unit 1st----KMCLU

BCA SYLLABUS AND QUICK REVISION NOTES

SOURCE: KHWAZA MUINUDDEEN CHISHTI AND LUCKNOW UNIVERSITY

UNIT 1: FUNDAMENTAL OF COMPUTER

Introduction to Computers: Introduction, Functional Components of Computers, Block 

diagram of computer, Input/ Output devices, Characteristics of Computers. Application of 

Computers, Generation of computers, Types of computers, Mini Computers, Micro Computers, 

Mainframe Computers, Super Computers. Types of Software. Types of Programming Languages 

Types of Memory (Primary 

And Secondary) RAM, ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM. Secondary Storage Devices (FD, 

CD, HD, Pen drive), I/O Devices. 

 COMPUTER:-

COMPUTER is an electronic device which is developed by CHARLES BABBAGE nearby 19th century .

It takes input from user , stores and then produced output.

                      INPUT➡PROCESSING➡OUTPUT

COMPONENT OF COMPUTER:-

1.INPUT DEVICES: 

INPUT DEVICES are those devices which takes input from user to perform any particular task.

exa; KEYBOARD,MOUSE,TRACKPAD ,TOUCHPAD etc.

2. OUTPUT DEVICES :

 OUTPUT DEVICES are  those hardware devices which give us  output 

after getting nput from user.

exa; MONITOR, SPEAKER, 

CHARACTERISTIC OF COMPUTER:

1.Memory

2.Automation

3.Speed

4.accuracy

5.Deligence

6.versatility

7.Reliability

CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTER:

                                                                   There are three types of classification of Computer:

A.SORT BY SIZE:

 MICROCOMPUTER:--

microcomputer, an electronic device with a microprocessor as its central processing unit (CPU). Microcomputer was formerly a commonly used term for personal computers, particularly any of a class of small digital computers whose CPU is contained on a single integrated semiconductor chip.

MINICOMPUTER:

                        

  minicomputer, computer that was smaller, less expensive, and less powerful than a mainframe or supercomputer but more expensive and more powerful than a personal computer. Minicomputers were used for scientific and engineering computations, business transaction processing, file handling, and database management.

MAINFRAME COMPUTER:

mainframes are high-performance computers with large amounts of memory and processors that process billions of simple calculations and transactions in real time. The mainframe is critical to commercial databases, transaction servers, and applications that require high resiliency, security, and agility.

SUPER COMPUTER:

A supercomputer is a computer with a high level of performance as compared to a general-purpose computer. The performance of a supercomputer is commonly measured in floating-point operations per second instead of million instructions per second. Since 2017

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF COMPUTER;

TYPES OF MEMORY:

Computer memory is of two basic types – 

Primary memory(RAM and ROM) 

RAM:

Random Access Memory (RAM) is primary-volatile memory .

 (Random Access Memory) is the internal memory of the CPU for storing data, program, and program result.

ROM:

ROM is an acronym for Read-Only Memory. It refers to computer memory chips containing permanent or semi-permanent data. 

and Read-Only Memory (ROM) is primary-non-volatile memory.

SECONDARY MEMORY: 

Secondary memory is also termed as external memory and refers to the various storage media on which a computer can store data and programs. The Secondary storage media can be fixed or removable. Fixed Storage media is an internal storage medium like hard disk that is fixed inside the computer

SOFTWARE:

Software is a set of programs, which is designed to perform a well-defined function. A program is a sequence of instructions written to solve a particular problem.

There are two types of software −

• System Software
• Application Software
• 
  
  

SYSTEM Software

The system software is a collection of programs designed to operate, control, and extend the processing capabilities of the computer itself. 

Application Software

Application software products are designed to satisfy a particular need of a particular environment. All software applications prepared in the computer lab can come under the category of Application software.

-----KMCLU

BCA 1ST YEAR